Abstract Purpose: To investigate cardiac changes in young rats, whose mothers underwent autogenic fecal peritonitis, during organogenesis phase and to evaluate the role of intravenous administration of moxifloxacin and dexamethasone in preventing infection-related cardiac changes. Methods: A prospective histomorphometric study was performed on 29 hearts of Wistar four-month old rats. Animals were divided into three groups: Negative Control Group (NCG) included 9 subjects from healthy mothers; Positive Control Group (PCG) included 10 subjects from mothers with fecal peritonitis (intra-abdominal injection of 10% autogenic fecal suspension in the gestational period) and did not receive any treatment; and Intervention Group (IG), with 10 animals whose infected mothers received moxifloxacin and dexamethasone treatment 24 hours after induction of fecal peritonitis. Results: Nuclear count was higher in the IG group as compared to PCG (p = 0.0016) and in NCG as compared to PCG (p = 0.0380). There was no significant difference in nuclear counts between NCG and IG. Conclusion: Induced autogenic fecal peritonitis in pregnant Wistar rats determined myocardial changes in young rats that could be avoided by the early administration of intravenous moxifloxacin and dexamethasone.

A Imobilidade Bilateral de Pregas Vocais pode ser decorrente de paralisia neurogênica bilateral, fixação de articulação cricoaritenoidea, sinequia laríngea ou estenose glótica posterior. O tratamento visa a restabelecer uma via aérea pérvia mantendo a função esfincteriana glótica e a qualidade vocal. OBJETIVOS: Analisar os métodos diagnósticos e terapêuticos dos casos de Imobilidade Bilateral de Prega Vocal atendidos em nosso serviço. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo de 35 prontuários de pacientes atendidos em nosso serviço com diagnóstico de Imobilidade Bilateral de Prega Vocal, sendo avaliados fatores etiológicos e resultados terapêuticos. RESULTADOS: Dentre os pacientes, 18 (51,4%) eram casos de paralisia bilateral de pregas vocais e 17 (48,6%), de estenose glótica posterior. Os pacientes com paralisia bilateral foram submetidos à aritenoidectomia subtotal unilateral e os com estenose, submetidos à "microtrapdoor flap", aritenoidectomia subtotal e/ou cricoidotomia posterior (Rethi). CONCLUSÃO: A imobilidade bilateral de prega vocal é um quadro potencialmente fatal e a diferenciação entre paralisia e fixação de pregas vocais é essencial para a escolha do método terapêutico. A aritenoidectomia subtotal, via microscópica, é nossa opção cirúrgica para o tratamento da paralisia bilateral e nas estenoses a escolha da técnica varia conforme o grau de estenose.

Vocal fold immobility may be due to bilateral neurogenic paralysis, cricoarytenoid joint fixation, laryngeal synechiae, or posterior glottic stenosis. Treatment aims to establish a patent airway and preserve the function of the glottic sphincter and voice quality. OBJETIVES: To analyze the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in cases of bilateral vocal fold immobility seen at our unit. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study of 35 patient registries at our unit with a diagnosis of bilateral vocal fold immobility; the etiology and treatment results were evaluated. RESULTS: Among the patients, 18 (51.4%) were cases of bilateral vocal fold palsy, and 17 (48,6%) were cases of posterior glottic stenosis. Patients with bilateral palsy underwent unilateral subtotal arytenoidectomy, and patients with stenosis were treated with the microtrapdoor flap technique, subtotal arytenoidectomy, and/or posterior cricoidotomy (Rethi). CONCLUSION: Bilateral vocal fold immobility is a potentially fatal condition; it is essential to differentiate vocal fold palsy from fixation to choose the appropriate treatment. Subtotal arytenoidectomy with microscopy is our surgery of choice for treating bilateral paralysis; the technique for treating stenosis depends on the amount of stenosis.

Síndrome da Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono é uma doença crônica caracterizada por episódios de colapso da via aérea superior e está relacionada com aumento da morbidade cardiovascular. OBJETIVOS: Correlacionar a circunferência cervical, abdominal e pélvica com o índice de apneia e hipopneia e a saturação da oxi-hemoglobina de pacientes com Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Estudo descritivo prospectivo com 82 pacientes com queixas sugestivas de SAOS avaliados de julho de 2008 a março de 2010. Os pacientes foram submetidos à polissonografia, medidas do IMC e medidas antropométricas. Realizado avaliação da relação entre as variáveis. RESULTADOS: IAH médio entre os homens foi de 39 eventos/hora e 21 nas mulheres. A medida da circunferência cervical média foi 34,5cm para mulheres e 41,3cm para os homens, a abdominal média foi 94,3cm nas mulheres e 101,5cm nos homens e a pélvica foi 105,7cm nos homens e 108,7cm nas mulheres. Circunferência cervical apresentou a maior correlação com o IAH entre homens (r=0,389 p=0,001). A circunferência abdominal tem uma relação mais próxima com o IAH do que o IMC nos homens (CAb r=0,358 p=0,003, IMC r=0,321 p=0,009). CONCLUSÃO: Circunferência cervical é o melhor preditor antropométrico avaliado da gravidade dos distúrbios respiratórios

The Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome is a chronic disease characterized by episodes upper airway collapse, and has been associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity. AIM: To correlate the neck, abdominal and pelvic circumference with the AHI and oxyhemoglobin saturation in OSA patients, and to correlate these values with disease severity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective descriptive study of 82 patients evaluated complaints suggesting OSA, from July 2008 to March 2010. All patients underwent polysomnography, an ENT clinical exam, measures of the BMI, abdominal, pelvic, and cervical circumferences. The mean, standard deviations and Spearman's correlations were analyzed. RESULTS: The mean AHI in men was 39 events/hr; in women it was 21 events/hr in women. The mean neck circumference was 34. 5 cm in women and 41. 3 cm in men, the mean abdominal circumference was 94. 3 cm in women and 101. 5 cm in men, and the pelvic circumference was 105. 7 cm in men and 108. 7 cm in women. The neck circumference correlated more closely to the AHI in men (r=+0. 389 p=0. 001). The relationship between the abdominal circumference correlated more with AHI than with the BMI in men (AbC r=+0. 358 p=0. 003 BMI r=+0. 321 p=0. 009). CONCLUSIONS: The neck circumference is the best anthropometric measurement of respiratory disorder severity compared to the AbC or the BMI